2006=JOHN C. MATHER and GEORGE C. SMOOT for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation.
2005=ROY J. GLAUBER for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence and JOHN L. HALL and THEODOR W. HÄNSCH for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique.
2004=DAVID J. GROSS, H. DAVID POLITZER and FRANK WILCZEK for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction.
2006=Roger D. Kornberg for his studies of the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription.
2005=Yves Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs, Richard R. Schrock "for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis.
2004=Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, Irwin Rose for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation.
2006=Andrew Fire and Craig C. Mello for their discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA.
2005=Barry J. Marshall and Robin Warren for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.
2004=Linda B. Buck and Richard Axel for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system.
2006=Edmund S. Phelps for his analysis of intertemporal tradeoffs in macroeconomic policy
2005=Robert J. Aumann, Thomas C. Schelling “for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis“
2004=Finn E. Kydland, Edward C. Prescott “for their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics: the time consistency of economic policy and the driving forces behind business cycles“
2006=Orhan Pamuk (Turkey)
2005=Harold Pinter (United Kingdom)
2004=Elfriede Jelinek (Austria)
2003=John M. Coetzee (South Africa)
2002=Imre Kertész (Hungary)
2001=V. S. Naipaul
2006=Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank
2005=International Atomic Energy Agency and Mohamed Elbaradei
2004=Wangari Maathai, democracy and peace
2003=Shirin Ebadi efforts for democracy and human rights
2002=Jimmy Carter JR., former President of the United States of America
2001=The United Nations & Kofi Aannan (United Nations Secretary General)